Browsing by Author "Dieng, Abdoulaye"

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    Applications of molecular markers and genomic tools in pearl millet [cenchrus americanus (l.) Morronesyn. Pennisetum glaucum (l.) R. Br.]
    (International Journal of Advanced Research, 2021-06) Mbacké, Bassirou; Dieng, Abdoulaye
    This review summarizes the main molecular markers and their applications on pearl millet as well as a summary of the discoveries on its reference genome. Molecular markers, unlike morphological and biochemical markers, are highly polymorphic and neutral. Their great liability comes from the fact that they directly concern the DNA. They have been widely used on pearl millet, ranging from low And medium-throughput to high-throughput markers, Targeting specific regions or characterizing germ plasm at the genome level. Many studies relate to mapping using different populations and have identified QTLs linked to important agronomic traits(flowering time, tolerance to drought, to mildew, phosphorus absorption), iron content. Studies have also been conducted on domestication syndrome and showed their importance of genes flow from wild millets to cultivated varieties. Genotyping-by-Sequencing - a rapid, cost-effective and reduced representation sequencing method –has been used to assess genetic diversity, population structure, LD and heterotic pool formation in pearl millet. A draft genome sequence that can serve as a reference for further development of genomics-assisted breeding is now available. It is an important milestone in generating genomic resources for pearl millet. Annotation of 24,000 genes indicates that enrichment of wax biosynthesis genes providing potential genetic mechanisms for heat and drought tolerance. Although molecular markers are widely applied to millet, genetic and genomic resources are still limited compared to other important cereals. However, the availability of a collection of inbred lines representative of germ plasm and a reference genome offer new perspectives in the improvement of pearl millet.