Browsing by Author "Ikewuchi, Catherine C."

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    Moderation of doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats by aqueous leaf-extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens
    (Porto Biomed. J., 2021-01-03) Ikewuchi, Catherine C.; Ifeanacho, Mercy O.; Ikewuch, Jude C.
    Abstract Background: The major draw-back of doxorubicin's use in chemotherapy is its toxicity on various organs including the kidneys. This study investigated the potential protective role of aqueous leaf-extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens against nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin. Methods: To this end, their impact on plasma biomarkers of kidney function, as well as renal lipid profile, biomarkers of oxidative stress, electrolyte profile and activities of renal ATPases was monitored in doxorubicin treated rats. Metformin (250 mg/kg body weight, orally) and the extracts (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, orally) were daily administered for 14 days; while nephrotoxicity was induced with doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, intra-peritioneally), once on the 12th day of study. Results: The plasma concentrations of creatinine, and urea; as well as the renal malondialdehyde, cholesterol, calcium and sodium concentrations in the Test control, were significantly (P < .05) higher than those of all the other groups. However, the renal concentrations of ascorbic acid, chloride, magnesium and potassium, and the renal activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase superoxide dismutase, Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase in the Test control were significantly (P < .05) lower than those of all the other groups. Conclusions: Pre-treatment with the extracts and metformin boosted endogenous antioxidants, and prevented doxorubicin-induced renal damage, as indicated by the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced renal oxidative stress, as well as the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced adverse alterations in renal cholesterol, ATPases and electrolyte balance, and plasma biomarkers of kidney function, and keeping them at near-normal values.
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    Protective effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats
    (Porto Biomed. J., 2021) Ikewuchi, Catherine C.; . Ikewuchi, Jude C; Ifeanacho, Mercy O.
    Background: The liver is one of the organs affected by doxorubicin toxicity. Therefore, in this study, the potential protective role of aqueous leaf extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Tridax procumbens against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated. Methods: In order to achieve this, their impact on hepatic biomarkers of oxidative stress, lipid and electrolytes’ profile, and plasmabiomarkers of liver functions/integrity were monitored in doxorubicin treated rats. The animals were treated with either metformin(250mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days) or the extracts (50, 75, and 100mg/kg orally for 14 days) and/or doxorubicin (15mg/kg,intraperitoneal, 48 h before sacrifice). Results: The hepatic malondialdehyde, cholesterol, calcium, and sodium concentrations, and plasma activities of alanine andaspartate transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, as well as plasma albumin to globulin ratio of test control were significantly(P<.05) higher than those of all the other groups. However, the plasma albumin, total protein, globulin, and total bilirubinconcentrations; hepatic concentrations of ascorbic acid, chloride, magnesium, and potassium; and hepatic activities of catalase,glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase of test control were significantly (P<.05) lower than those of all the other groups. Conclusions: Pretreatment with the extracts and metformin prevented to varying degrees, doxorubicin-induced hepatic damage,as indicated by the attenuation of doxorubicin-induced adverse alterations in hepatic biomarkers of oxidative stress, lipid andelectrolyte profiles, and plasma biomarkers of hepatic function/integrity, and keeping them at near-normal values.