The Human Microbiome and Its Impacts on Health
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Date
2020-06-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Journal of Microbiology
Abstract
The human microbiome comprises bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes which reside within and outside our bodies. (ese
organisms impact human physiology, both in health and in disease, contributing to the enhancement or impairment of metabolic
and immune functions. Micro-organisms colonise various sites on and in the human body, where they adapt to specific features of
each niche. Facultative anaerobes are more dominant in the gastrointestinal tract, whereas strict aerobes inhabit the respiratory
tract, nasal cavity, and skin surface. (e indigenous organisms in the human body are well adapted to the immune system, due to
the biological interaction of the organisms with the immune system over time. An alteration in the intestinal microbial
community plays a major role in human health and disease pathogenesis. (ese alterations result from lifestyle and the presence of
an underlying disease. Dysbiosis increases host susceptibility to infection, and the nature of which depends on the anatomical site
involved. (e unique diversity of the human microbiota accounts for the specific metabolic activities and functions of these micro organisms within each body site. It is therefore important to understand the microbial composition and activities of the human
microbiome as they contribute to health and disease
Description
Keywords
bacteria, archaea, viruses, eukaryotes, Dysbiosis, Grace I. Olasehinde, ACE: Applied Informatics and Communication, CAPiC, Covenant University, Digital Development, Nigeria