Increasing temperature elevates the variation and spatial differentiation of pesticide tolerance in a plant pathogen
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Date
2021-01-13
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Evolutionary Applications
Abstract
,Climate change and pesticide resistance are two of the most imminent challenges
human society is facing today. Knowledge of how the evolution of pesticide resistance may be affected by climate change such as increasing air temperature on the
planet is important for agricultural production and ecological sustainability in the
future but is lack in scientific literatures reported from empirical research. Here,
we used the azoxystrobin-Phytophthora infestans interaction in agricultural systems
to investigate the contributions of environmental temperature to the evolution of
pesticide resistance and infer the impacts of global warming on pesticide efficacy
and future agricultural production and ecological sustainability. We achieved this
by comparing azoxystrobin sensitivity of 180 P. infestans isolates sampled from nine
geographic locations in China under five temperature schemes ranging from 13 to
25°C. We found that local air temperature contributed greatly to the difference of
azoxystrobin tolerance among geographic populations of the pathogen. Both amongpopulation and within-population variations in azoxystrobin tolerance increased as
experimental temperatures increased. We also found that isolates with higher azoxystrobin tolerance adapted to a broader thermal niche. These results suggest that
global warming may enhance the risk of developing pesticide resistance in plant pathogens and highlight the increased challenges of administering pesticides for effective management of plant diseases to support agricultural production and ecological
sustainability under future thermal conditions.
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Keywords
adaptive evolution, climatic change, disease management, fitness penalty, Phytophthora infestans, fungicide resistance, Dun-Chun He, Abdul Waheed, ACE: Dryland Agriculture, CDA/ DRYLAND AGRIC, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria