Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium
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Date
2021-02-05
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by
several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the
antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium,
which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones,
20,40-dimethoxy-60-hydroxychalcone and 20,50-dimethoxy-40,60-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones,
5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal
and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC50 values
for 20,40-dimethoxy-60-hydroxychalcone against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (0.5 g/mL), T. congolense
(2.5 g/mL), and Leishmania mexicana (5.2 g/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds.
None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 g/mL, or crossresistancewith
first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines andmelaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken
together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from
P. salicifolium against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate
the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites.
Description
Pathogens 2021, 10, 175.
Keywords
Polygonum salicifolium, chalcone, flavanone, Leishmania mexicana, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma congolense, Marzuq A. Ungogo, Ali H. Alghamdi, David G. Watson, John O. Igoli, Alexander I. Gray, Harry P. de Koning, Valerie A. Ferro, University of Agriculture, Nigeria, CEFTER
Citation
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10 020175